Showing posts with label Edmund Crispin. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Edmund Crispin. Show all posts

Saturday

Acquisitions (69): Alexander Pope


Maynard Mack: Alexander Pope: A Life (1985)

•

Maynard Mack (1909-2001)


Alexander Pope: A Life (1985)
[Jason Books, Auckland CBD - 12/6/2020]:

Maynard Mack. Alexander Pope: A Life. 1985. New York & London: W. W. Norton & Company / New Haven, Conn. & London: Yale University Press, 1986.


Thomas Hudson: Alexander Pope (1688-1744)


Pope and the Eighteenth Century


Back in the day, when I was studying Eng Lit at Auckland University, I recall that one of my fellow students in the Beowulf class went on the local version of Mastermind. And what was his specialist subject? The Eighteenth Century.

Much to his chagrin, they wiped the floor with him. His knowledge of the literature of the era was undoubtedly great, but given that his choice of topic entitled them to ask any question bearing on that time period, no matter how obliquely, it wasn't surprising that he didn't know the answers to quite a few of them. The successful topics on that show were almost always ludicrously narrow: Agatha Christie's Poirot stories, or Staffordshire ceramics of the 1740s.

I myself have always felt a distinct sense of inadequacy when it comes to the Eighteenth Century. On the one hand, I've certainly read a great many of the authors who flourished then: James Boswell, Henry Fielding, Dr. Johnson, Laurence Sterne, Jonathan Swift ... But when it comes to the poetry of the time, I feel all at sea. Which is probably why I've ended up collecting so much of it in the probably vain hope of gradually achieving enlightenment.


John Butt: The Poems of Alexander Pope (1963)

Alexander Pope. The Poems: A One-Volume Edition of the Twickenham Text with Selected Annotations. Ed. John Butt. 1963. University Paperbacks. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd., 1970.

Take Alexander Pope, for instance. When you've been brought up on Keats and Wordsworth and the other Romantics, it's a bit difficult to adjust to a world where the heroic couplet is the virtually exclusive means of expression - with occasional lapses into Pindaric Ode, or a kind of sub-Miltonic blank verse.

How do you even begin to read him? And yet, around about the middle of the twentieth century, he and his contemporaries seemed to be making a comeback, largely due to the immense industry and seriousness of North American academics and their bounteously funded institutions.

True, the landmark Twickenham edition of Pope was a joint British-American project, but it's interesting to see just how much of it was edited by American scholars such as Maynard Mack (he appears to have been personally responsible for five of its eventual eleven volumes - not counting the index).


Alexander Pope: Twickenham Edition (1973-1994)

Books I own are marked in bold:

The Twickenham Edition of the Poems of Alexander Pope. Ed. John Butt. 11 [=12] vols (London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1940-69):
  1. Volume I: Pastoral Poetry and An Essay on Criticism. Ed. E. Audra & Aubrey Williams (1961)
    • Pastoral Poetry and An Essay on Criticism. Ed. E. Audra & Aubrey Williams. The Twickenham Edition, Volume I. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1961.
  2. Volume II: The Rape of the Lock and Other Poems. Ed. Geoffrey Tillotson (1940)
    • The Rape of the Lock and Other Poems. Ed. Geoffrey Tillotson. 1940. The Twickenham Edition, Volume II. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1962.
  3. Volume III (i): An Essay on Man. Ed. Maynard Mack (1950)
    • An Essay on Man. Ed. Maynard Mack. 1950. The Twickenham Edition, Volume III i. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982.
  4. Volume III (ii): Epistles to Several Persons (Moral Essays). Ed. F. W. Bateson (1951)
    • Epistles to Several Persons (Moral Essays). Ed. F. W. Bateson. The Twickenham Edition, Volume III ii. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1951.
  5. Volume IV: Imitations of Horace with An Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot and the Epilogue to the Satires. Ed. John Butt (1939)
    • Imitations of Horace, with An Epistle to Dr Arbuthnot and The Epilogue to the Satires. Ed. John Butt. 1939. The Twickenham Edition, Volume IV. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969.
  6. Volume V: The Dunciad. Ed. James Sutherland (1943)
    • The Dunciad. Ed. James Sutherland. The Twickenham Edition, Volume V. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1943.
  7. Volume VI: Minor Poems. Ed. Norman Ault & John Butt (1957)
    • Minor Poems. Ed. Norman Ault, completed by John Butt. 1957. The Twickenham Edition, Volume VI. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1964.
  8. Volume VII: The Iliad of Homer, Bks I-IX. Ed. Maynard Mack (1967)
    • Translations of Homer: The Iliad, Books I-IX. Ed. Maynard Mack. Associate editors: Norman Callan, Robert Fagles, William Frost, Douglas M. Knight. The Twickenham Edition, Volume VII. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1967.
  9. Volume VIII: The Iliad of Homer, Bks X-XXIV. Ed. Maynard Mack (1967)
    • Translations of Homer: The Iliad, Books X-XXIV. Ed. Maynard Mack. Associate editors: Norman Callan, Robert Fagles, William Frost, Douglas M. Knight. The Twickenham Edition, Volume VIII. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1967.
  10. Volume IX: The Odyssey of Homer, Bks I-XII. Ed. Maynard Mack (1967)
    • Translations of Homer: The Odyssey, Books I-XII. Ed. Maynard Mack. Associate editors: Norman Callan, Robert Fagles, William Frost, Douglas M. Knight. The Twickenham Edition of the Poems of Alexander Pope, Volume IX. 11 vols. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1967.
  11. Volume X: The Odyssey of Homer, Bks XIII-XXIV. Ed. Maynard Mack (1967)
    • Translations of Homer: The Odyssey, Books XIII-XXIV. Ed. Maynard Mack. Associate editors: Norman Callan, Robert Fagles, William Frost, Douglas M. Knight. The Twickenham Edition of the Poems of Alexander Pope, Volume X. 11 vols. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1967.
  12. Volume XI: Index

So when I saw a copy of Maynard Mack's immense life of Pope in Jason Books in town, it was really only a matter of time before I bought it. The surprising thing is that I then went on to read it from cover to cover, unlike many of the other worthy tomes I add to my shelves on a regular basis.

It was actually a bit of an eye-opener. And it made me feel glad that I've spent so much time collecting odd volumes of the Twickenham edition over the years, rather than contenting myself with the far more readily available one-volume digest of the whole set edited by John Butt in the early 1960s.


Alexander Pope: Homer's Iliad & Odyssey (Twickenham Edition, 1967)


I have them all, in fact, including, now, Mack's two-volume edition of Pope's Odyssey. I already had his Iliad, which I've been able to supplement with a copy of the Penguin Classics edition of the poem:


Alexander Pope: The Iliad of Homer (1996)

Alexander Pope, trans. The Iliad of Homer. 1715-20. Ed. Steven Shankman. Penguin English Poets. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1996.

I also own a beautifully illustrated Heritage Press version of the Odyssey:


Alexander Pope: The Odyssey of Homer (1996)

Alexander Pope, trans. The Odyssey of Homer. 1725-26. Illustrated by John Flaxman. 1942. Avon, Connecticut: The Heritage Press, 1970.

There are another few pieces of Pope-iana I should mention here:


The Scriblerus Club: The Memoirs of Martinus Scriblerus (1741)

Charles Kerby-Miller, ed. The Memoirs of the Extraordinary Life, Works, and Discoveries of Martinus Scriblerus. 1713-14. Written in Collaboration by the Members of the Scriblerus Club: John Arbuthnot, Alexander Pope, Jonathan Swift, John Gay, Thomas Parnell, & Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford. 1950. New York: Russell & Russell, 1966.

First of all there's this bizarre work, an incomplete collaborative novel by the Scriblerus Club which nevertheless contains "the seeds of many successful later works borne out of the club, such as Swift's Gulliver and Pope's Dunciad," as the editors of the Wikipedia entry on the book put it.


The Scriblerus Club: Three Hours after Marriage (1717)

John Gay, Alexander Pope, & John Arbuthnot. Three Hours after Marriage, with the Confederates & the Two Keys. 1717. Ed. Richard Morton & William M. Peterson. Lake Erie College Studies, 1. Painesville, Ohio: Lake Erie College Press, 1961.

Then there's this rather unfunny comedy, composed principally by John Gay (more famous for his later Beggar's Opera), but with contributions by Arbuthnot and Pope. It was, apparently, intended mainly as a satire on Whig poet Sir Richard Blackmore, author of the then fashionable epic poem Prince Arthur, by this group of virulent Tories. The play ran for a few performances before being suppressed by some of its other targets.


Edith Sitwell: Alexander Pope (1930)

Edith Sitwell. Alexander Pope. 1930. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1948.

And finally there's this "extremely idiosyncratic" life of Pope by Edith Sitwell, which is definitely "more interesting for what it says about Sitwell and her social/cultural world than anything she has to say about Pope," as one of the commentators on Goodreads remarks.

So where does that leave us, exactly? I'm forced to confess that the only poem of Pope's that struck an immediate chord with me when I was younger was his "Ode on Solitude", which he claimed to have composed at the age of twelve.
Happy the man, whose wish and care
   A few paternal acres bound,
Content to breathe his native air,
                            In his own ground.

Whose herds with milk, whose fields with bread,
   Whose flocks supply him with attire,
Whose trees in summer yield him shade,
                            In winter fire.

Blest, who can unconcernedly find
   Hours, days, and years slide soft away,
In health of body, peace of mind,
                            Quiet by day,

Sound sleep by night; study and ease,
   Together mixed; sweet recreation;
And innocence, which most does please,
                            With meditation.

Thus let me live, unseen, unknown;
   Thus unlamented let me die;
Steal from the world, and not a stone
                            Tell where I lie.

I didn't know, when I first read it, how familiar this set of Horatian tropes must have seemed to his eighteenth-century audience, used to reading similar sentiments both in the original Latin and in translation. It's not by accident that one of Pope's most famous couplets claims that "True Wit is Nature to advantage dress'd / What oft was thought, but ne'er so well express'd."


Edmund Crispin: Frequent Hearses (1950)


I recently put up a post about detective story writer Edmund Crispin, where I mention how well acquainted he was with "the highways and byways of 17th and 18th century English poetry, which provide a good many of his titles" - Frequent Hearses, for instance, which is concerned (among other things) with an Alexander Pope film project, whose script Professor Gervase Fen, Crispin's favourite detective, has been hired to vet.

The script focusses on Pope's "Elegy to the Memory of an Unfortunate Lady", perhaps because its mournful and romantic tone makes it far more immediately accessible to a modern audience than most of his more ambitious works:
What beck'ning ghost, along the moon-light shade
Invites my steps, and points to yonder glade?
'Tis she! — but why that bleeding bosom gor'd,
Why dimly gleams the visionary sword?
Oh ever beauteous, ever friendly! tell,
Is it, in heav'n, a crime to love too well?
To bear too tender, or too firm a heart,
To act a lover's or a Roman's part?
Is there no bright reversion in the sky,
For those who greatly think, or bravely die?
Pope's talents shine out more in his anathemas than his attempts at romantic evocation, one is forced to acknowledge: 

But thou, false guardian of a charge too good,
Thou, mean deserter of thy brother's blood!
See on these ruby lips the trembling breath,
These cheeks now fading at the blast of death:
Cold is that breast which warm'd the world before,
And those love-darting eyes must roll no more.
Thus, if eternal justice rules the ball,
Thus shall your wives, and thus your children fall;
On all the line a sudden vengeance waits,
And frequent hearses shall besiege your gates.
There passengers shall stand, and pointing say,
(While the long fun'rals blacken all the way)
"Lo these were they, whose souls the furies steel'd,
And curs'd with hearts unknowing how to yield.
Thus unlamented pass the proud away,
The gaze of fools, and pageant of a day!
So perish all, whose breast ne'er learn'd to glow
For others' good, or melt at others' woe."
But there is a certain air of sincerity in some of his verses which perhaps justifies critics (and movie script-writers) in postulating a personal connection to these tragic events: 

What can atone (oh ever-injur'd shade!)
Thy fate unpitied, and thy rites unpaid?
No friend's complaint, no kind domestic tear
Pleas'd thy pale ghost, or grac'd thy mournful bier.
By foreign hands thy dying eyes were clos'd,
By foreign hands thy decent limbs compos'd,
By foreign hands thy humble grave adorn'd,
By strangers honour'd, and by strangers mourn'd!
What though no friends in sable weeds appear,
Grieve for an hour, perhaps, then mourn a year,
And bear about the mockery of woe
To midnight dances, and the public show?
What though no weeping loves thy ashes grace,
Nor polish'd marble emulate thy face?
What though no sacred earth allow thee room,
Nor hallow'd dirge be mutter'd o'er thy tomb?
Yet shall thy grave with rising flow'rs be drest,
And the green turf lie lightly on thy breast:
There shall the morn her earliest tears bestow,
There the first roses of the year shall blow;
While angels with their silver wings o'ershade
The ground, now sacred by thy reliques made.

So peaceful rests, without a stone, a name,
What once had beauty, titles, wealth, and fame.
How lov'd, how honour'd once, avails thee not,
To whom related, or by whom begot;
A heap of dust alone remains of thee,
'Tis all thou art, and all the proud shall be!

Poets themselves must fall, like those they sung,
Deaf the prais'd ear, and mute the tuneful tongue.
Ev'n he, whose soul now melts in mournful lays,
Shall shortly want the gen'rous tear he pays;
Then from his closing eyes thy form shall part,
And the last pang shall tear thee from his heart,
Life's idle business at one gasp be o'er,
The Muse forgot, and thou belov'd no more!

"On all the line a sudden vengeance waits, / And frequent hearses shall besiege your gates." Despite the vast extent of his output, it's perhaps true to say that it's on the small scale that Pope's work most repays attention: the precision of phrasing to be found in couplets such as this. It sounds easy, but is anything but.

In fact, as a later poet, W. B. Yeats, expressed it in "Adam's curse": 
    A line will take us hours maybe;
Yet if it does not seem a moment’s thought,
Our stitching and unstitching has been naught.
So, in any case, whether or not I'll ever get to the heart of eighteenth century poetry (like Tom Wait's not dissimilar quest to the heart of Saturday Night), I'll persist in my folly.

What I've done below is to compile some lists of the principal texts from the period included in my collection. This inevitably gives a very partial picture, but one has to start somewhere. They're grouped under poets, novelists, dramatists, artists, and various other categories, followed by some contemporary authors from Europe and the Americas.


Tom Waits: The Heart of Saturday Night (1974)




•

Samuel Brocus: Georgian Dublin

Eighteenth Century Books


Categories:
  1. Art
  2. Drama
  3. Fiction
  4. Non-fiction
  5. Poetry
  6. France
  7. Germany
  8. Italy
  9. North America
  10. Russia
  11. Scandinavia
  12. Anthologies & Secondary Literature



Sir Joshua Reynolds: Self-portrait (1780)


  1. Thomas Bewick (1753-1828)
  2. Henry Fuseli (1741-1825)
  3. William Hogarth (1697-1764)
  4. Sir Joshua Reynolds (1723-1792)


    Thomas Bewick (1753-1828)

  1. Thomas Bewick's Birds: Watercolours and Engravings. 1981. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1982.
  2. A Memoir: Written by Himself. Ed. Iain Bain. 1975. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979.


    3. Johann Heinrich Füssli [Henry Fuseli] (1741-1825)

  3. Powell, Nicolas. Fuseli: the Nightmare. Art in Context. Ed. John Fleming & Hugh Honour. London: Allen Lane the Penguin Press, 1973.


    4. William Hogarth (1697-1764)

  4. Shesgreen, Sean, ed. Engravings by Hogarth: 101 Prints. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1973.


    5. Sir Joshua Reynolds (1723-1792)

  5. Discourses. 1797. Ed. Pat Rogers. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1992.
  6. Portraits: Character Sketches of Oliver Goldsmith, Samuel Johnson, and David Garrick, together with other Manuscripts of Reynolds Recently Discovered among the Private Papers of James Boswell and now first published. Ed. Frederick W. Hilles Bodman. Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell (Trade Editions, 3). London: William Heinemann, 1952.
  7. McIntyre, Ian. Joshua Reynolds: The Life and Times of the First President of the Royal Academy. 2003. London: Penguin, 2004.


  1. Colley Cibber (1671-1757)
  2. John Gay (1685-1732)
  3. Richard Brinsley Sheridan (1751-1816)


    Colley Cibber (1671-1757)

  1. An Apology for His Life. 1740. Appreciation by William Hazlitt. Everyman’s Library, 668. London: J. M. Dent & Co. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., 1914.


    2. John Gay (1685-1732)

  2. Faber, G. C., ed. The Poetical Works of John Gay, including ‘Polly’. ‘The Beggar’s Opera’ and Selections from the other Dramatic Work. London: Humphrey Milford / Oxford University Press, 1926.
  3. [with Alexander Pope, John Arbuthnot]. Three Hours after Marriage: with the Confederates & the Two Keys. 1717. Ed. Richard Morton & William M. Peterson. Lake Erie College Studies, 1. Painesville, Ohio: Lake Erie College Press, 1961.


    4. Richard Brinsley Sheridan (1751-1816)

  4. Dramatic Works. Ed. Joseph Knight. The World’s Classics. 1906. London: Humphrey Milford / Oxford University Press, 1923.


Sir Joshua Reynolds: Laurence Sterne (1760)


  1. Robert Bage (1730-1801)
  2. Jane Barker (1652-1732)
  3. William Beckford (1760-1844)
  4. Fanny Burney (1752-1840)
  5. John Cleland (1709-1789)
  6. Daniel Defoe (c.1660-1731)
  7. Henry Fielding (1707–1754)
  8. Sarah Fielding (1710–1768)
  9. Charlotte Lennox (1730-1804)
  10. Henry Mackenzie (1745–1831)
  11. Ann Radcliffe (1764–1823)
  12. Samuel Richardson (1689-1761)
  13. Charlotte Smith (1749–1806)
  14. Tobias Smollett (1721–1771)
  15. Laurence Sterne (1713–1768)
  16. Jonathan Swift (1667-1745)
  17. George Walker (1772-1847)
  18. Horace Walpole (1717-1797)
  19. Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797)


    Robert Bage (1730-1801)

  1. Hermsprong: or, Man As He is Not. 1796. London: The Folio Society, 1960.


    2. Jane Barker (1652-1732)

  2. The Galesia Trilogy and Selected Manuscript Poems. 1713, 1723, 1726. Ed. Carol Shiner Wilson. Women Writers in English, 1350-1850. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.


    3. William Thomas Beckford (1760-1844)

  3. Vathek. Trans. Samuel Henley. 1786. Ed. Roger Lonsdale. Oxford English Novels. London: Oxford University Press, 1970.
  4. Vathek. 1815. Trans. Herbert B. Grimsditch. 1929. Illustrated with Lithographs by Edward Bawden. London: The Folio Society, 1958.
  5. The Episodes of Vathek. Trans. Frank T. Marzial. Ed. Lewis Melville. The Abbey Classics, III. London: Chapman & Dodd, n.d. [1912].
  6. Alexander, Boyd, ed. The Journal of William Beckford in Portugal and Spain, 1787-88. London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1954.


    7. Frances [Fanny] Burney, Madame d’Arblay (1752-1840)

  7. Evelina. 1778. Introduction by Ernest Rhys. 1909. Everyman’s Library, 352. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1951.
  8. Evelina, or The History of a Young Lady’s Entrance into the World. 1778. Ed. Edward A. Bloom, with Lillian D. Bloom. 1968. The World’s Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982.
  9. Camilla, or A Picture of Youth. 1796. Ed. Edward A. Bloom & Lillian D. Bloom. 1972. The World’s Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983.
  10. The Early Diary: 1768-1778. Ed. Annie Raine Ellis. 1889. 2 vols. 1907. Bohn’s Popular Library. London: G. Bell & Sons, Ltd., 1913.
  11. Harman, Claire. Fanny Burney: A Biography. 2000. Flamingo. London: HarperCollins Publishers, 2001.


    12. John Cleland (1709-1789)

  12. Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure. 1749. Ed. Peter Sabor. The World’s Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985.


    13. Daniel Defoe (c.1660-1731)

  13. Hazlitt, William, ed. The Works of Daniel De Foe, with a Memoir of His Life and Writings. 2 vols. London: John Clements, 1840. Vol 1:
    1. Life of Daniel De Foe, by the Editor. 1840.
    2. Catalogue of the Works of Daniel De Foe.
    3. Appeal to Honour and Justice. 1715.
    4. History of Colonel Jack. 1722.
    5. Fortunes and Misfortunes of Moll Flanders. 1722.
    6. Memoirs of a Cavalier. 1720.
    7. Fortunate Mistress; or, History of Roxana. 1724.
    8. A New Voyage round the World. 1725.
  14. Hazlitt, William, ed. The Works of Daniel De Foe, with a Memoir of His Life and Writings. 2 vols. London: John Clements, 1841. Vol 2:
    1. History of Mr Duncan Campbell. 1720.
    2. Dumb Philosopher; or, Account of Dickory Cronke. 1719
    3. Journal of the Plague Year. 1722.
    4. Memoirs of Captain Carleton. 1728.
    5. Life and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe. 1719.
    6. Further Adventures of Robinson Crusoe. 1719.
    7. Serious Reflections of Robinson Crusoe. 1720.
    8. Life and Piracies of Captain Singleton. 1720.
    9. Memoirs of the Church of Scotland. 1717.
  15. The Shakespeare Head Edition of the Novels and Selected Writings of Daniel Defoe. 1927-28. Oxford: Basil Blackwell / Stratford-upon-Avon: The Shakespeare Head Press / London: William Clowes & Sons Limited, 1974.
    1. The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe of York, Mariner. 1719. Vol. I.
    2. The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe of York, Mariner. 1719. Vol. II.
    3. The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe. 1719. Vol. III.
    4. The Fortunate Mistress. 1724. Vol. I.
    5. The Fortunate Mistress. 1724. Vol. II.
    6. A Journal of the Plague Year. 1722.
  16. The True-Born Englishman and Other Writings. 1700. Ed. P. N. Furbank & W. R. Owens. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1997.
  17. The Storm. 1704. Ed. Richard Hamblyn. London: Allen Lane, 2003.
  18. The Life and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe. 1719. Ed. Angus Ross. 1965. Penguin English Library. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1970.
  19. Robinson Crusoe: The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe of York, Mariner; The Further Adventures of Robinson Crusoe. 1719. Introduction by Guy N. Pocock. 1945. Everyman’s Library, 1059. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1966.
  20. The Life, Adventures and Piracies of the Famous Captain Singleton. 1720. Introduction by James Sutherland. 1963. Everyman’s Library, 1074. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1969.
  21. Captain Singleton. 1720. Ed. Shiv K. Kumar. Oxford English Novels. Ed. James Kinsley. 1969. London: Oxford University Press, 1973.
  22. Freebooters and Buccaneers: Novels of Adventure and Piracy - The Life, Adventures and Piracies of Captain Singleton; The King of Pirates: Being an Account of the Famous Enterprises of Captain Avery with Lives of Other Pirates and Robbers, with the Author's Preface; A New Voyage around the World. 1720, 1719, 1725. Ed. G. H. Maynadier. New York: The Dial Press, 1935.
  23. Memoirs of a Cavalier. 1720. Introduction by G. A. Aitken. 1908. Everyman’s Library, 283. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1933.
  24. The History and Remarkable Life of the Truly Honourable Colonel Jack. 1722. Wood Engravings by John Lawrence. London: The Folio Society, 1967.
  25. A Journal of the Plague Year: Being Observations or Memorials of the Most Remarkable Occurrences, as well Public as Private, which Happened in London during the Last Great Visitation in 1665. Written by a Citizen who Continued all the while in London. Never made Public Before. 1722. Ed. Anthony Burgess & Christopher Bristow. Introduction by Anthony Burgess. 1966. Penguin English Library. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1978.
  26. The Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Famous Moll Flanders &c. Who Was Born in Newgate, and During a Life of Continued Variety for Threescore Years, Besides Her Childhood, was Twelve Year a Whore, Five Times a Wife (Whereof Once to Her Own Brother), Twelve Year a Thief, Eight Year a Transported Felon in Virginia, at Last Grew Rich, Lived Honest & Died a Penitent, Written From Her Own Memorandums. 1722. Foreword by Oliver St. John Gogarty. Black & White Illustrations by Arthur Wragg. 1948. London: Rockliff Publishing Corporation Limited, 1950.
  27. The Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Famous Moll Flanders. 1722. Ed. Juliet Mitchell. Penguin English Library. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1978.
  28. Roxana: The Fortunate Mistress. 1724. Ed. Jane Jack. 1964. Oxford English Novels. London: Oxford University Press, 1969.
  29. [as ‘Captain Charles Johnson’]. A General History of the Pyrates. 1724. Ed. Manuel Schonhorn. 1972. Dover Maritime Books. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1999.
  30. A Tour Through the Whole Island of Great Britain. 1724-26. Ed. Pat Rogers. Penguin English Library. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1971.
  31. A Tour Through the Whole Island of Great Britain. 1724-26. Ed. G. D. H. Cole. 1974. 3 vols. Introduction by Pat Rogers. London: The Folio Society, 1983.
  32. Healey, George Harris, ed. The Letters of Daniel Defoe. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1955.
  33. West, Richard. The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Daniel Defoe. 1997. Flamingo. London: HarperCollins Publishers, 1998.


    34. Henry Fielding (1707–1754)

  34. The History of the Adventures of Mr. Joseph Andrews and of His Friend Mr. Abraham Adams & An Apology for the Life of Mrs. Shamela Andrews. 1741 & 1742. Ed. Douglas Brooks. 1970. Oxford English Novels. London: Oxford University Press, 1971.
  35. A Journey from This World to the Next. 1743. Introduction by Claude Rawson. Everyman’s Library, 1112. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1973.
  36. Jonathan Wild & The Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon. 1743 & 1755. Ed. Douglas Brooks. Introduction by A. R. Humphreys. 1932. Everyman’s Library, 1877. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1973.
  37. The History of Tom Jones. 1749. Ed. R. P. C. Mutter. Penguin English Library. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1966.
  38. The History of Amelia. 1752. Illustrated by George Cruickshank. 2 vols. Classic Novels. London: Hutchinson & Co., n.d.
  39. The Works: Complete in One Volume, with Memoir of the Author, by Thomas Roscoe. London: Henry Washbourne et al., 1840.


    40. Sarah Fielding (1710–1768)

  40. The Adventures of David Simple, and The Adventures of David Simple, Volume the Last. 1744 & 1753. Ed. Linda Bree. Penguin Classics. London: Penguin, 2002.
  41. The Governess, or, Little Female Academy. 1749. Ed. Jill E. Grey. The Juvenile Library. Ed. Brian W. Alderson. London: Oxford University Press, 1968.


    42. Charlotte Lennox (née Ramsay) (1730-1804)

  42. The Female Quixote. 1752. Ed. Margaret Dalziel. Chronology and Appendix by Duncan Isles. 1970. Introduction by Margaret Anne Doody. 1989. Oxford World's Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.


    43. Henry Mackenzie (1745–1831)

  43. The Man of Feeling. 1771. Ed. Brian Vickers. 1967. Oxford English Novels. London: Oxford University Press, 1970.


    44. Ann Radcliffe (1764–1823)

  44. The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne: A Highland Story. 1789. Introduction by Devendra P. Varma. Wood Engraving by Sarah van Niekerk. London: The Folio Society, 1987.
  45. A Sicilian Romance. 1790. Introduction by Devendra P. Varma. Wood Engraving by Sarah van Niekerk. London: The Folio Society, 1987.
  46. The Romance of the Forest. 1791. Introduction by Devendra P. Varma. Wood Engraving by Sarah van Niekerk. London: The Folio Society, 1987.
  47. The Mysteries of Udolpho: A Romance, Interspersed with Some Pieces of Poetry. 1794. Ed. Bonamy Debrée. Notes by Frederick Garber. 1966. Oxford English Novels. London: Oxford University Press, 1970.
  48. The Italian, or The Confessional of the Black Penitents: A Romance. 1797. Ed. Frederick Garber. 1968. Oxford English Novels. London: Oxford University Press, 1970.
  49. Gaston de Blondeville, or The Court of Henry the Third Keeping Festival in Arden. 1826. Introduction by Devendra P. Varma. Wood Engraving by Sarah van Niekerk. London: The Folio Society, 1987.


    50. Samuel Richardson (1689-1761)

  50. Pamela; or Virtue Rewarded. 1740-41. Introduction by M. Kinkead-Weekes. 1962. 2 vols. Everyman’s Library, 683-4. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1969.
  51. Clarissa, or the History of a Young Lady. 1747-48. Ed. Angus Ross. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1985.
  52. The History of Clarissa Harlowe. 1747-48. Introduction by John Butt. 4 vols. Everyman’s Library, 882-5. 1932. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1962.
  53. The History of Sir Charles Grandison. 1753-54. Ed. Jocelyn Harris. 3 vols. Oxford English Novels. London: Oxford University Press, 1972.


    54. Tobias George Smollett (1721–1771)

  54. Roderick Random. 1748. Introduction by H. W. Hodges. Everyman’s Library, 790. 1927. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1964.
  55. The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, in which are included Memoirs of a Lady of Quality. 1751. Ed. James L. Clifford. 1964. Oxford English Novels. London: Oxford University Press, 1969.
  56. The Adventures of Ferdinand Count Fathom. 1753. Ed. Damian Grant. Oxford English Novels. London: Oxford University Press, 1971.
  57. Travels through France and Italy. 1766. Introduction by Thomas Secombe. The World’s Classics, 90. 1907. London: Humphrey Milford / Oxford University Press, 1919.
  58. The Adventures of Sir Launcelot Greaves & The History and Adventures of an Atom. 1762 & 1769. London: The Waverley Book Company, Ltd., n.d.
  59. The Expedition of Humphrey Clinker. 1771. Ed. Angus Ross. 1967. Penguin English Library. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1975.
  60. Herbert, David, ed. The Works of Tobias Smollett, Carefully Selected and Edited from the Best Authorities, with Numerous Original Historical Notes and a Life of the Author. ['Roderick Random,' 1748; 'The Regicide: A Tragedy', 1749; 'Peregrine Pickle', 1751; 'The Reprisal: A Comedy', 1757; 'Humphrey Clinker', 1771; Poems]. Edinburgh: William P. Nimmo, 1870.
  61. Knapp, Lewis Mansfield. Tobias Smollett: Doctor of Men and Manners. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1949.


    62. Laurence Sterne (1713–1768)

  62. The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman. 1759-67. Ed. Graham Petrie. Introduction by Christopher Ricks. Penguin English Library. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1967.
  63. A Sentimental Journey through France and Italy by Mr. Yorick, to which are added The Journal to Eliza & A Political Romance. 1768. Ed. Ian Jack. 1968. Oxford English Novels. London: Oxford University Press, 1972.
  64. The Works: Comprising The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gent., A Sentimental Journey through France and Italy, Sermons, Letters, &c., with A Life of the Author, Written by Himself. London: Henry G. Bohn., 1853.
  65. Memoirs of Mr. Laurence Sterne; The Life & Opinions of Tristram Shandy; A Sentimental Journey; Selected Sermons and Letters. Ed. Douglas Grant. The Reynard Library. London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1950.
  66. Traugott, John, ed. Laurence Sterne: A Collection of Critical Essays. Twentieth Century Views. Englewood Clifs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968.


    67. Jonathan Swift (1667-1745)

  67. Satires and Personal Writings. Ed. William Alfred Eddy. 1932. Oxford Standard Authors. London: Oxford University Press, 1967.
  68. Gulliver’s Travels and Selected Writings in Prose & Verse. Ed. John Hayward. The Compendious Series. London: The Nonesuch Press / New York: Random House, 1934.
  69. The Voyages of Lemuel Gulliver to Lilliput & Brobdingnag. Illustrated by Edward Bawden. London: The Folio Society, 1948.
  70. Gulliver’s Travels and Other Writings: A Tale of a Tub, The Battle of the Books, &c. Ed. Louis A. Landa. 1960. Oxford Paperbacks. London & Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1976.
  71. The Annotated Gulliver's Travels: Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift. 1726 / 1734 / 1896. Ed. Isaac Asimov. New York: Clarkson N. Potter, Inc. / Publishers, 1980.
  72. Major Works: Including A Tale of a Tub and The Battle of the Books. Ed. Angus Ross & David Wooley. 1984. Oxford World's Classics. 2003. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
  73. The Poems. Ed. Harold Williams. 1937. Second ed. 1958. 3 vols. Oxford English Texts. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966.
  74. Horrell, John, ed. Collected Poems of Jonathan Swift. 2 vols. The Muses' Library. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul Limited, 1958.
  75. Poetical Works. Ed. Herbert Davis. Oxford Standard Authors. London: Oxford University Press, 1967.
  76. Journal to Stella. Ed. Harold Williams. 1948. 2 vols. Oxford English Texts. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1963.
  77. Nokes, David. Jonathan Swift: A Hypocrite Reversed. A Critical Biography. 1985. Oxford Lives. London: Oxford University Press, 1987.


    78. George Walker (1772-1847)

  78. The Vagabond: A Novel. 1799. Ed. W. M. Verhoeven. Broadview Editions. Peterborough, Ontario, Canada: Broadview Press Ltd., 2004.


    79. Horatio [Horace] Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford (1717-1797)

  79. The Castle of Otranto. 1764. Ed. W. S. Lewis. Notes by Joseph W. Reed, Jr. Oxford English Novels. 1964. Rev. ed. London: Oxford University Press, 1969.


    80. Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797)

  80. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. 1792. Dover Thrift Editions. Mineola, New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1996.
  81. Mary & the Wrongs of Woman. Ed. James Kinley & Gary Kelly. 1976. The World’s Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1980.
  82. A Short Residence in Sweden, Norway and Denmark; and William Godwin: Memoirs of the Author of "The Rights of Woman". 1796 & 1798. Ed. Richard Holmes. Penguin Classics. London: Penguin, 1987.
  83. Wardle, Ralph M., ed. Godwin & Mary: Letters of William Godwin and Mary Wollstonecraft. 1966. A Bison Book. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1977.
  84. Tomalin, Claire. The Life and Death of Mary Wollstonecraft. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1974.


John Smybert: Bishop George Berkeley (17827)


  1. George Anson (1697-1762)
  2. Bishop Berkeley (1685-1753)
  3. William Bligh (1754-1817)
  4. James Boswell (1740-1795)
  5. James Cook (1728-1779)
  6. Edward Gibbon (1737-1794)
  7. William Godwin (1756-1836)
  8. Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)
  9. Mary Wortley Montagu (1689-1762)
  10. William Robertson (1721-1793)
  11. Gilbert White (1720-1793)
  12. James Woodforde (1740–1803)


    George Anson, 1st Baron Anson (1697-1762)

  1. Anson, Lord. A Voyage Round the World. Introduction by John Masefield. 1911. Everyman’s Library, 510. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., 1930.


    2. George Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne (1685-1753)

  2. A New Theory of Vision and Other Writings. 1709, 1710, & 1713. Introduction by A. D. Lindsay. 1910. Everyman’s Library, 483. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1957.


    3. William Bligh (1754-1817)

  3. Bligh, William. The Mutiny on Board H.M.S. Bounty. 1790. Afterword by Milton Rugoff. A Signet Classic. New York: New American Library, 1961.
  4. Mackaness, George, ed. A Book of the 'Bounty' and Selections from Bligh's Writings. 1790, 1792, 1794. Everyman's Library, 1950. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1938.
  5. Warner, Oliver, ed. An Account of the Discovery of Tahiti: From the Journal of George Robertson, Master of H.M.S. Dolphin. Wood Engravings by Robert Gibbing. London: The Folio Society, 1955.
  6. Barrow, Sir John. The Eventful History of the Mutiny and Piratical Seizure of HMS BOUNTY its Causes and Consequences. 1831. Ed. Captain Stephen W. Roskill. London: The Folio Society, 1976.
  7. Salmond, Anne. Aphrodite's Island: The European Discovery of Tahiti. Viking. Auckland: Penguin Group (NZ), 2009.


    8. James Boswell, 9th Laird of Auchinleck (1740-1795)

  8. Journal of a Tour to Corsica; and Memoirs of Pascal Paoli. 1768. Ed. Morchard Bishop. London: Williams & Norgate Ltd., 1951.
  9. Boswell’s Column: Being his Seventy Contributions to the London Magazine under the pseudonym The Hypochondriack from 1777 to 1783 Here First printed In Book Form in England. Ed. Margery Bailey. London: William Kimber, 1951.
  10. The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides with Samuel Johnson. 1785. Introduction by T. C. Livingstone. Collins Classics. London & Glasgow: Collins, 1955.
  11. [with Dr. Samuel Johnson]. Johnson’s Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland & Boswell’s Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides with Samuel Johnson LL.D. Ed. R. W. Chapman. 1924. London: Oxford University Press, 1970.
  12. Boswell’s Life of Johnson. 1791. Ed. R. W. Chapman. Oxford Standard Authors. 1904. London: Geoffrey Cumberlege / Oxford University Press, 1953.
  13. The Life of Samuel Johnson. 1791. Ed. David Womersley. Penguin Classics. London: Penguin, 2008.
  14. Boswell’s Book of Bad Verse (A Verse Self-Portrait), or ‘Love Poems and Other Verses.’ Ed. Jack Werner. London: White Lion Publishers Limited, 1974.
  15. Boswell’s London Journal, 1762-1763. As First Published in 1950 from the Original Mss. Ed. Frederick A. Pottle. 1950. London: The Reprint Society, 1952.
  16. London Journal, 1762-1763. 1950. Ed. Gordon Turnbull. 2010. Penguin Classics. London: Penguin, 2014.
  17. Boswell in Holland, 1763-1764: Including His Correspondence with Belle de Zuylen (Zélide). Ed. Frederick A. Pottle. Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell (Trade Editions, 2). London: William Heinemann, 1952.
  18. Boswell on the Grand Tour: Germany and Switzerland, 1764. Ed. Frederick A. Pottle. Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell (Trade Editions, 4). London: William Heinemann, 1953.
  19. Boswell on the Grand Tour: Italy, Corsica, and France, 1765-1766. Ed. Frank Brady & Frederick A. Pottle. Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell (Trade Editions, 5). London: William Heinemann, 1955.
  20. Boswell in Search of a Wife, 1766-1769. Ed. Frank Brady & Frederick A. Pottle. 1957. London: The Reprint Society, 1958.
  21. Boswell for the Defence, 1769-1774. Ed. William K. Wimsatt & Frederick A. Pottle. Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell (Trade Editions, 7). London: William Heinemann, 1959.
  22. Boswell’s Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides with Samuel Johnson, 1773. Ed. Frederick A. Pottle & Charles H. Bennett. Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell (Trade Editions, 8). London: William Heinemann, 1963.
  23. Boswell: The Ominous Years, 1774-1776. Ed. Charles Ryskamp & Frederick A. Pottle. Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell (Trade Editions, 9). London: William Heinemann, 1963.
  24. Boswell in Extremes, 1776–1778. Ed. Charles McC. Weis & Frederick A. Pottle. Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell (Trade Editions, 10). New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1970.
  25. Boswell: Laird of Auchinleck, 1778-1782. Ed. Joseph W. Reed & Frederick A. Pottle. Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell (Trade Editions, 11). New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1977.
  26. Boswell: The Applause of the Jury, 1782-1785. Ed. Irma S. Lustig & Frederick A. Pottle. Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell (Trade Editions, 12). New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1981.
  27. Boswell: The English Experiment, 1785-1789. Ed. Irma S. Lustig & Frederick A. Pottle. Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell (Trade Editions, 13). New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1986.
  28. Boswell: The Great Biographer, 1789-1795. Ed. Marlies K. Danziger & Frank Brady. Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell (Trade Editions, 14). New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1989.
  29. Scott, Geoffrey. The Portrait of Zélide. 1925. London: Constable & Co. Ltd., 1931.
  30. Pottle, Frederick A. James Boswell: The Earlier Years, 1740-1769. London: Heinemann, 1966.
  31. Brady, Frank. James Boswell: The Later Years, 1769-1795. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1984.
  32. Buchanan, David. The Treasure of Auchinleck: The Story of the Boswell Papers. London: Heinemann, 1975.
  33. Pottle, Frederick A. Pride and Negligence: The History of the Boswell Papers. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1982.
  34. Sisman, Adam. Boswell’s Presumptuous Task. 2000. London: Penguin, 2001.


    35. Captain James Cook (1728-1779)

  35. Cook, James. Captain Cook’s Voyages of Discovery. Ed. John Barrow. 1860. Everyman’s Library, 99. 1906. Introduction by G. N. Pocock. 1941. London: J. M. Dent & Sons / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., 1954.
  36. Reed, A. H. & A. W. Captain Cook in New Zealand: Extracts from the journals of Captain James Cook giving a full account in his own words of his adventures and discoveries in New Zealand. Wellington: A. H. & A. W. Reed, 1951.
  37. Beaglehole, J. C., ed. The Endeavour Journal of Joseph Banks, 1768-1771. 2 vols. 1962. The Sir Joseph Banks Memorial. Sydney: The Trustees of the Public Library of New South Wales, in association with Angus and Robertson, 1963.
  38. Cook, James. The Journals of Captain Cook: Prepared from the Original Manuscripts by J. C. Beaglehole for the Hakluyt Society. 1955-67. Ed. Philip Edwards. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1999.
  39. Beaglehole, J. C. The Life of Captain James Cook. London: Adam & Charles Black Ltd., 1974.
  40. Salmond, Anne. The Trial of the Cannibal Dog: Captain Cook in the South Seas. 2003. Auckland: Penguin Group (NZ), 2004.


    41. Edward Gibbon (1737-1794)

  41. The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Ed. Oliphant Smeaton. 6 vols. Everyman’s Library. 1910. London: J. M. Dent / New York: E. P. Dutton, 1928.
  42. The History of the Decline & Fall of the Roman Empire. 1776-88; 1910. Ed. Betty Radice & Felipé Fernández-Armesto. 8 vols. London: Folio Society, 1983-90.
    1. The Turn of the Tide. Ed. & with an introduction by Betty Radice (1983)
    2. Constantine and the Roman Empire. Ed. & with an introduction by Betty Radice (1984)
    3. The Revival and Collapse of Paganism. Ed. & with an introduction by Betty Radice (1985)
    4. The End of the Western Empire. Ed. & with an introduction by Betty Radice (1986)
    5. Justinian and the Roman Law. Ed. & with an introduction by Felipe Fernández-Armesto (1987)
    6. Mohammed and the Rise of the Arabs. Ed. & with an introduction by Felipe Fernández-Armesto (1988)
    7. The Normans in Italy and the Crusades. Ed. & with an introduction by Felipe Fernández-Armesto (1989)
    8. The Fall of Constantinople and the Papacy in Rome. Ed. & with an introduction by Felipe Fernández-Armesto (1990)
  43. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Ed. David Womersley. 3 vols. 1994. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1995.
    1. Volume the First (1776) and Volume the Second (1781)
    2. Volume the Third (1781) and Volume the Fourth (1788)
    3. Volume the Fifth (1788) and Volume the Sixth (1788)
  44. The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire: Abridged and Illustrated. 1776-1788, 1979. London: Bison Books Ltd., 1988.
  45. [with Simon Ockley]. The Saracens: Their History, and the Rise and Fall of Their Empire. 1776-88, 1708-18. The Chandos Classics. London: Frederick Warne and Co., n.d. [c.1880]
  46. Sheffield, John, Lord, ed. The Miscellaneous Works of Edward Gibbon, Esq., with Memoirs of His Life and Writings Composed by Himself: Illustrated from His Letters, with Occasional Notes and Narrative. Complete in One Volume. London: B. Blake, 1837.
  47. Autobiography. Ed. Lord Sheffield. Introduction by J. B. Bury. The World’s Classics. London: Henry Frowde / Oxford University Press, 1907.
  48. Craddock, Patricia A., ed. The English Essays of Edward Gibbon. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972.
  49. Low, D. M., ed. Gibbon’s Journal to January 28th, 1763. London: Chatto & Windus, 1929.
  50. Gibbon’s Journey from Geneva to Rome: His Journal from 20 April to 2 October 1764. Ed. Georges A. Bonnard. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd., 1961.


    51. William Godwin (1756-1836)

  51. Caleb Williams. A Four Square Book. London: New English Library, 1975.
  52. St Clair, William. The Godwins and the Shelleys: The Biography of a Family. 1989. London: Faber, 1990.


    53. Dr Samuel Johnson, Ll.D. (1709-1784)

  53. Diaries, Prayers, and Annals. Ed. E. L. McAdam, Jr., with Donald & Mary Hyde. The Yale Edition of the Works of Samuel Johnson, Volume 1. 1958. New Haven: Yale University Press / London: Oxford University Press, 1967.
  54. The Poems. Ed, David Nichol-Smith and Edward L. MacAdam. 1941. Second edition. Oxford English Texts. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1974.
  55. The Complete English Poems. Ed. J. D. Fleeman. Penguin English Poets. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1971.
  56. The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abissinia. 1759. Ed. D. J. Enright. Penguin English Library. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1976.
  57. Lives of the English Poets. 1779-81. Introduction by Arthur Waugh. 2 vols. The World’s Classics, 83-84. 1906. London: Henry Frowde / Oxford University Press, 1912.
  58. Prose and Poetry. Ed. Mona Wilson. The Reynard Library. 1950. London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1963.
  59. Selected Writings. Ed. Patrick Cruttwell. 1968. Penguin English Library. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1982.
  60. Greene, Donald, ed. Samuel Johnson. The Oxford Authors. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984.
  61. McAdam, E. L., Jr., & George Milne, eds. Johnson’s Dictionary: A Modern Selection. 1963. London: Papermac, 1982.
  62. Murphy, Arthur, ed. The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D., Comprising the Lives of the English Poets; Rasselas: Lives of Eminent Persons; and a Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland. London & Edinburgh: William P. Nimmo, 1878.
  63. Wain, John, ed. Johnson as Critic. The Routledge Critic series. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1973.
  64. Wimsatt, W. K. Dr Johnson on Shakespeare. 1960. Penguin Shakespeare Library. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1969.
  65. The Letters of Samuel Johnson. Ed. Bruce Redford. The Hyde Edition. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1992-1994.
    1. 1731-1772 (1992)
    2. 1773-1776 (1992)
    3. 1777-1781 (1992)
    4. 1782-1784 (1994)
    5. Appendices and Comprehensive Index (1994)
  66. Bate, W. Jackson. Samuel Johnson. 1975, 1977. A Harvest / HBJ Book. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1979.
  67. Hawkins, Sir John. The Life of Samuel Johnson Ll.D.. 1787. Ed. Bertram H. Davis. 1961. London: Jonathan Cape, 1962.


    68. Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (1689-1762)

  68. Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley. Letters 1709-1762. Ed. R. Brimley Johnson. Everyman’s Library 69. 1906. London & New York: J. M. Dent & E. P. Dutton, 1914.


    69. William Robertson (1721-1793)

  69. Stewart, Dugald, ed. The Works of William Robertson, D.D. To Which is Prefaced an Account of the Life and Writings of the Author. 6 vols. London: Longman, Brown, Green, & Longmans, et al., 1851.
    1. The History of Scotland: 1542-1603 (1759) (1)
    2. The History of Scotland: 1542-1603 (1759) (2)
    3. The History of the Reign of Emperor Charles V (1769) (1)
    4. The History of the Reign of Emperor Charles V (1769) (2)
    5. The History of America (1777) (1)
    6. The History of America (1777) (2) / An Historical Disquisition Concerning the Knowledge Which the Ancients Had of India (1791)


    70. Gilbert White (1720-1793)

  70. The Natural History of Selborne. 1789. Introduction by B. C. A. Windle. Everyman’s Library. London: J. M. Dent & Co. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., 1906.
  71. The Natural History of Selborne: A New Edition, with Engravings. 1789. Ed. Richard Mabey. London: Century Hutchinson Ltd., 1988.


    72. James Woodforde (1740–1803)

  72. Woodforde, The Revd James. The Diary of a Country Parson. 1924-31. Ed. David Hughes. Engravings by Ian Stephens. London: The Folio Society, 1992.


Alexander Nasmyth: Robert Burns (1787)


  1. Anthony Alsop (c.1670-1725)
  2. Robert Burns (1759-1796)
  3. Thomas Chatterton (1752-1770)
  4. William Cowper (1731-1800)
  5. Oliver Goldsmith (1728-1774)
  6. Thomas Gray (1716-1771)
  7. James Macpherson (1736-1796)
  8. Alexander Pope (1688-1744)
  9. Allan Ramsay (1686-1758)
  10. Christopher Smart (1722-1781)
  11. Charlotte Smith (1749–1806)
  12. James Thomson (1700-1748)


    Anthony Alsop (c.1670-1725)

  1. Money, D. K. The English Horace: Anthony Alsop and the Tradition of British Latin Verse. A British Academy Postdoctoral Fellowship Monograph. Oxford: Published for The British Academy by Oxford University Press, 1998.


    2. Robert Burns (1759-1796)

  2. Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect. 1786. Poetry First Editions. Note on the Text by Michael Schmidt. London: Penguin, 1999.
  3. Smith, Alexander, ed. Poems, Songs and Letters: Being The Complete Works of Robert Burns, Edited from the Best Printed and Manuscript Authorities with Glossarial Index and a Biographical Memoir. The Globe Edition. London: Macmillan and Co., 1868.
  4. The Canongate Burns: The Complete Poems and Songs. Ed. Andrew Noble & Patrick Scott Hogg. Canongate Classics, 104. Edinburgh: Canongate, 2001.
  5. The Merry Muses of Caledonia. Ed. James Barke & Sydney Goodsir Smith. Preface by J. DeLancey Ferguson. 1965. London: Panther Books, 1970.
  6. Selected Letters. Ed. J. DeLancey Ferguson. The World’s Classics. London: Geoffrey Cumberlege / Oxford University Press, 1953.


    7. Thomas Chatterton (1752-1770)

  7. The Poetical Works. Ed. John Richmond. The Canterbury Poets. London: Walter Scott, 1885.
  8. The Poetical Works, with an Essay on the Rowley Poems by the Rev. Walter W. Skeat, and a Memoir by Edward Bell. 2 vols. The Aldine Edition of the British Poets. London: George Bell and Sons, 1891.
  9. The Rowley Poems: Reprinted from Tyrwhitt’s Third Edition. Ed. Maurice Evan Hare. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1911.


    10. William Cowper (1731-1800)

  10. The Poems of William Cowper. 1905. Oxford Standard Authors. Ed. H. S. Milford. 4th Edition. 1934. London: Oxford University Press, 1963.
  11. Poetry and Prose. Ed. Brian Spiller. The Reynard Library. London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1968.


    12. Oliver Goldsmith (1728-1774)

  12. The Complete Works: Comprising His Essays, Plays, Poetical Works, and Vicar of Wakefield, with Some Account of His Life and Writings. Routledge’s Standard Library. London: George Routledge and Sons, n.d.
  13. The Complete Poetical Works of Oliver Goldsmith. Ed. Austin Dobson. Oxford Edition. London: Henry Frowde, 1911.
  14. Selected Works. Ed. Richard Garnett. The Reynard Library. London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1950.


    15. Thomas Gray (1716-1771)

  15. Poems Published in 1768. The Oxford Miscellany. London: Henry Frowde / Humphrey Milford / Oxford University Press, 1909.


    16. James Macpherson (1736-1796)

  16. Poems of Ossian: A Facsimile of the 1805 Edition. Introduction by John MacQueen. 2 vols. Edinburgh: James Thin / The Mercat Press, 1971.
  17. The Poems of Ossian, with Dissertations on the Era and Poems of Ossian; and Dr. Blair’s Critical Dissertation. Edinburgh: John Grant, 1894.
  18. The Poems of Ossian. Ed. William Sharp. Edinburgh: John Grant, 1926.
  19. The Poems of Ossian, and Related Works. Ed. Howard Gaskill. Introduction by Fiona Stafford. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1996.


    20. Alexander Pope (1688-1744)

  20. Pastoral Poetry and An Essay on Criticism. Ed. E. Audra & Aubrey Williams. The Twickenham Edition of the Poems of Alexander Pope, Volume I. Ed. John Butt. 11 vols. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1961.
  21. The Rape of the Lock and Other Poems. Ed. Geoffrey Tillotson. 1940. The Twickenham Edition of the Poems of Alexander Pope, Volume II. Ed. John Butt. 11 vols. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1962.
  22. An Essay on Man. Ed. Maynard Mack. 1950. The Twickenham Edition of the Poems of Alexander Pope, Volume III i. Ed. John Butt. 11 vols. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982.
  23. Epistles to Several Persons (Moral Essays). Ed. F. W. Bateson. The Twickenham Edition of the Poems of Alexander Pope, Volume III ii. Ed. John Butt. 11 vols. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1951.
  24. Imitations of Horace, with An Epistle to Dr Arbuthnot and The Epilogue to the Satires. Ed. John Butt. 1939. The Twickenham Edition of the Poems of Alexander Pope, Volume IV. Ed. John Butt. 11 vols. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969.
  25. The Dunciad. Ed. James Sutherland. The Twickenham Edition of the Poems of Alexander Pope, Volume V. Ed. John Butt. 11 vols. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1943.
  26. Minor Poems. Ed. Norman Ault, completed by John Butt. 1957. The Twickenham Edition of the Poems of Alexander Pope, Volume VI. Ed. John Butt. 11 vols. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1964.
  27. Translations of Homer: The Iliad, Books I-IX. Ed. Maynard Mack, Associate editors: Norman Callan, Robert Fagles, William Frost, Douglas M. Knight. Volume VII. 11 vols. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1967.
  28. Translations of Homer: The Iliad, Books X-XXIV. Ed. Maynard Mack, Associate editors: Norman Callan, Robert Fagles, William Frost, Douglas M. Knight. Volume VIII. 11 vols. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. / New Haven: Yale University Press, 1967.
  29. The Poems: A One-Volume Edition of the Twickenham Text with Selected Annotations. Ed. John Butt. 1963. University Paperbacks. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd., 1970.
  30. The Iliad of Homer. 1715-20. Ed. Steven Shankman. Penguin English Poets. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1996.
  31. The Odyssey of Homer. 1725-26. Illustrated by John Flaxman. 1942. Avon, Connecticut: The Heritage Press, 1970.
  32. Sitwell, Edith. Alexander Pope. 1930. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1948.
  33. Mack, Maynard. Alexander Pope: A Life. 1985. New York & London: W. W. Norton & Company / New Haven, Conn. & London: Yale University Press, 1986.


    34. Allan Ramsay (1686-1758)

  34. Poems. Ed. J. Logie Robertson. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, n.d. [c. 1886].
  35. Poems. Vol. 1 of 2. London: A. Millar, J. Rivington, W. Johnston & T. Becket, 1761.


    36. Christopher Smart (1722-1781)

  36. The Collected Poems. Ed. Norman Callan. 2 vols. The Muses’ Library. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1949.


    37. Charlotte Turner Smith (1749–1806)

  37. Curran, Stuart, ed. The Poems of Charlotte Smith. Women Writers in English, 1350-1850. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.


    38. James Thomson (1700-1748)

  38. Poetical Works. Ed. J. Logie Robertson. Oxford Standard Authors. 1908. London: Oxford University Press, 1965.


Nicolas de Largillière: Voltaire (1724)


  1. Beaumarchais (1732-1799)
  2. Jacques Cazotte (1719-1792)
  3. André Chénier (1762-1794)
  4. Choderlos de Laclos (1741-1803)
  5. Crébillon fils (1707-1777)
  6. Denis Diderot (1713-1784)
  7. Alain-René Le Sage (1668-1747)
  8. Pierre de Marivaux (1688-1763)
  9. Comte de Mirabeau (1749-1791)
  10. Montesquieu (1689-1755)
  11. Abbé Prévost (1697-1763)
  12. Restif de la Bretonne (1734-1806)
  13. Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)
  14. Marquis de Sade (1740-1814)
  15. Bernardin de Saint-Pierre (1737-1814)
  16. Voltaire (1694-1778)


    Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais (1732-1799)

  1. Théâtre: Le Barbier de Seville / Le Mariage de Figaro / La Mère coupable. Édition illustrée. Ed. Maurice Rat. 1964. Classiques Garnier. Paris: Éditions Garnier Frères, 1971.


    2. Jacques Cazotte (1719-1792)

  2. Le Diable Amoureux. 1772. Ed. Max Milner. GF. Paris: Garnier-Flammarion, 1979.


    3. André Marie Chénier (1762-1794)

  3. Poésies. Introduction par Émile Faguet. Les Classiques Français. Édition Lutetia. Paris: Nelson Éditeurs, 1938.


    4. Pierre Ambroise François Choderlos de Laclos (1741-1803)

  4. Oeuvres complètes. Ed. Maurice Allem. Bibliothèque de la Pléiade, 6. 1951. Paris: Gallimard, 1959.
  5. Les liaisons dangereuses. 1782. Ed. Jean Mistler. Paris: Livre de Poche, 1972.
  6. Les Liaisons Dangereuses. 1782. Trans. P. W. K. Stone. 1961. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1977.


    7. Claude Prosper Jolyot de Crébillon [Crébillon fils] (1707-1777)

  7. The Sofa: A Moral Tale. Trans. Bonamy Dobrée. Etchings by Robert Bonfils. London: Folio Society, 1951.


    8. Denis Diderot (1713-1784)

  8. Oeuvres. Ed. André Billy. Bibliothèque de la Pléiade, 25. Paris: Gallimard, 1969.
  9. Pensées Philosophiques: Édition critique. 1746. Ed. Robert Niklaus. Textes Littéraires Français. Génève: Librairie Droz / Paris: Librairie Minard, 1957.
  10. Pensées philosophiques / Lettre sur les aveugles / Supplément au Voyage de Bougainville. 1746, 1749, 1772. Ed. Antoine Adam. GF. Paris: Garnier-Flammarion, 1972.
  11. Entretien entre D’Alembert et Diderot / Le Rêve de D’Alembert / Suite de l’entretien. 1769. Ed. Jacques Roger. 1965. GF. Paris: Garnier-Flammarion, 1973.
  12. Le Neveu de Rameau et autres dialogues philosophiques. Ed. Jean Varloot. Notes by Nicole Évrard. Collection Folio, 171. Paris: Éditions Gallimard, 1972.
  13. Jacques the Fatalist and His Master. 1796. Trans. Michael Henry. Introduction & Notes by Martin Hall. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1986.
  14. The Nun (La Religieuse). 1796. Trans. Marianne Sinclair. Introduction & Afterword by Richard Griffiths. New English Library Classics. London: The New English Library Ltd., 1966.


    15. Alain-René Lesage / Le Sage (1668-1747)

  15. Le Diable Boiteux. 1707. Oeuvres de Le Sage. Avec une notice par Anatole France. 2 vols. Paris: Alphonse Lemerre, Éditeur, 1878.
  16. The Devil on Two Sticks. Trans. William Strange. 1841. Introduction by Arthur Symons. Illustrated by Philip Hagreen. London: The Navarre Society Limited, 1940.
  17. Histoire de Gil Blas de Santillane. 1715, 1724 & 1735. Ed. Roger Laufer. GF. Paris: Garnier-Flammarion, 1977.
  18. The Adventures of Gil Blas of Santillane. 1715, 1724 & 1735. Trans. B. H. Malkin. Collins’ Lotus Library. London & Glasgow: Collins Clear-Type Press, n.d.
  19. Théâtre: Turcaret; Crispin Rival de son maître; La Tontine. Ed. Maurice Bardon. Classiques Garnier. Paris: Éditions Garner Frères, 1948.


    20. Pierre Carlet de Chamblain de Marivaux (1688-1763)

  20. La Vie de Marianne, ou Les Aventures de Madame la Comtesse de ***. 1731-1742. Ed. Frédéric Deloffre. Classiques Garnier. Paris: Éditions Garner Frères, 1963.
  21. Le Paysan Parvenu. 1734-35 & 1756. Ed. Michel Gilot. Paris: Garnier-Flammarion, 1965.
  22. Théâtre. Paris: Bibliothèque Hachette, n.d.
  23. Up from the Country / Infidelities / The Game of Love and Chance. Trans. Leonard Tancock & David Cohen. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1980.


    24. Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, Comte de Mirabeau (1749-1791)

  24. The Lifted Curtain & My Conversion. Trans. Howard Nelson. Introduction by J-P Spencer. A Star Book. W. H. Allen & Co. PLC, 1986.


    25. Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu (1689-1755)

  25. Persian Letters. 1721. Trans. C. J. Betts. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1973.


    26. Antoine François Prévost d'Exiles [Abbé Prévost] (1697-1763)

  26. Manon Lescaut: Édition illustrée. 1731. Ed. Frédéric Deloffre & Raymond Picard. Classiques Garnier. Paris: Éditions Garnier Frères, 1965.
  27. Manon Lescaut. 1731. Préface de Pierre Mac Orlan. 1959. Le Livre de Poche, 460. Paris: Gallimard / Librarie Générale Française, 1968.
  28. Manon Lescaut. 1731. Trans. L. W. Tancock. 1949. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1951.
  29. The History of the Chevalier des Grieux and of Manon Lescaut. 1731. Trans. Helen Waddell. Essay by Edward Sackville-West. Wood Engravings by Valentin Le Campion. London: the Folio Society, 1950.


    30. Nicolas-Edme Rétif / Restif [Rétif de la Bretonne] (1734-1806)

  30. Bachelin, Henri, ed. L'Oeuvre de Restif de la Bretonne. Tome Premier: Les Nuits de Paris; La Semaine Nocturne; Vingt Nuits de Paris …. Six cuivres originaux et portrait gravé sur bois de Gérard Cochet. Vol. 1 of 9. Paris: Éditions du Trianon, 1930.
  31. Bachelin, Henri, ed. L'Oeuvre de Restif de la Bretonne. Tome Troisième: Le Pornographe, suivi de La Mimographe, Les Gynographes, Le Thesmographe, Le Nouvel Abeilard, Le Nouvel Émile, Philosophie de Monsieur Nicolas, Les Posthumes. Cuivres originaux de Georges Ripart. Vol. 3 of 9. Paris: Éditions du Trianon, 1931.
  32. Bachelin, Henri, ed. L'Oeuvre de Restif de la Bretonne. Tome Quatrième: La Vie de Mon Père, suivie de Lucile, Le Pied de Fanchette, La Fille Naturelle, Adèle de C***. Cuivres originaux de Gaston Nick. Vol. 4 of 9. Paris: Éditions du Trianon, 1931.
  33. Bachelin, Henri, ed. L'Oeuvre de Restif de la Bretonne. Tome Cinquième: Le Ménage Parisien, suivi de La Femme Infidèle, Ingénue Saxancour. Cuivres originaux de Carlo Farnetti. Vol. 5 of 9. Paris: Éditions du Trianon, 1931.
  34. Bachelin, Henri, ed. L'Oeuvre de Restif de la Bretonne. Tome Huitième: Monsieur Nicolas, ou Le Coeur Humain Dévoilé. Tome Second. Cuivres originaux de P. Dubreuil et P. Noel. Vol. 8 of 9. Paris: Éditions du Trianon, 1932.
  35. Bachelin, Henri, ed. L'Oeuvre de Restif de la Bretonne. Tome Neuvième: Mon Calendrier, suivi de Morale, Religion, Politique, Mes Ouvrages. Frontispice de Pierre Gandon. Vol. 9 of 9. Paris: Éditions du Trianon, 1932.
  36. The Corrupted Ones (Le Paysan et La Paysanne Pervertis). 1775. Trans. Alan Hull Walton. Illustrated by Binet. London: Neville Spearman Ltd., 1967.


    37. Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)

  37. The Social Contract / Discourses. Trans. G. D. H. Cole. 1913. Everyman’s Library, 660. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1958.
  38. Julie, ou La Nouvelle Héloïse. 1761. Ed. Michel Launay. GF. Paris: Garnier-Flammarion, 1967.
  39. Émile, ou de l’éducation. 1762. Ed. Michel Launay. GF. Paris: Garnier-Flammarion, 1966.
  40. Les Confessions. Vol. 1 of 2. Les Meilleurs Auteurs Classiques: Français et Étrangers. Paris: Ernest Flammarion, Éditeur, n.d.
  41. The Confessions. 1781. Trans. J. M. Cohen. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1953.
  42. Les Rêveries du Promeneur Solitaire. 1782. Ed. Jacques Voisine. GF. Paris: Garnier-Flammarion, 1964.


    43. Donatien Alphonse François, Marquis de Sade (1740-1814)

  43. Oeuvres Complètes I: Les Infortunes de la Vertu. Introduction de Gilbert Lely. 27 vols. Paris: Jean-Jacques Pauvert, 1959.
  44. Oeuvres Complètes II: Justine ou Les Malheurs de la Vertu. Préface de Georges Bataille. 27 vols. Paris: Jean-Jacques Pauvert, 1955.
  45. Oeuvres Complètes III, IV, V: Les Crimes de l’Amour I, II, III. Introduction de Gilbert Lely. 27 vols. Paris: Jean-Jacques Pauvert, 1961.
  46. Oeuvres Complètes VII: Dialogue entre un Prêtre et un moribund et autres opuscules. Préface de Maurice Heine. 27 vols. Paris: Jean-Jacques Pauvert, 1961.
  47. Oeuvres Complètes VIII, IX, X, XI: Aline et Valcour ou Le Roman philosophique I, II, III, IV. Préface de Pierre Klossowski. 27 vols. Paris: Jean-Jacques Pauvert, 1963.vOeuvres Complètes XII: Écrits Politiques suivis de Oxtiern. Introduction de Jean Paulhan. 27 vols. Paris: Jean-Jacques Pauvert, 1957.
  48. Oeuvres Complètes XIII: La Marquise de Gange. Introduction de Gilbert Lely. 27 vols. Paris: Jean-Jacques Pauvert, 1964.
  49. Oeuvres Complètes du Marquis de Sade, Tome Premier: Les cent vingt journées de Sodome; Cinq écrits de jeunesse; Quatrième cahier de notes ou réflexions; Lettre d’Étennes à Mademoiselle de Rousset; Dialogue entre un prêtre et un moribund; Pensée; Fragments du portefeuille d’un homme de lettres; La Vérité. Ed. Annie Le Brun & Jean-Jacques Pauvert. Vol.1 of 15. Paris: Pauvert, 1986.
  50. The One Hundred and Twenty Days of Sodom and Other Writings. Ed. & trans. Austryn Wainhouse & Richard Seaver. Introductions by Simone de Beauvoir & Pierre Klossowski. 1966. London: Arrow Books, 1990.
  51. The Complete Justine; Philosophy in the Bedroom and Other Writings. Ed. & trans. Richard Seaver & Austryn Wainhouse. Introductions by Jean Paulhan & Maurice Blanchot. New York: Grove Press, 1965.
  52. Justine, or The Misfortunes of Virtue: A Complete and Unexpurgated Translation. Trans. Alan Hull Walton. 1964. London: Corgi, 1970.
  53. Juliette: First Complete American Edition. Trans. Austryn Wainhouse. Six volumes in one. New York: Grove Press, 1968.
  54. Eugenie de Franval and Other Stories. Trans. Margaret Crosland. 1965. London: Panther, 1968.
  55. Quartet. Trans. Margaret Crosland. 1963. London: Panther, 1965.
  56. Beauvoir, Simone de. The Marquis de Sade, with Selections from His Writings. Ed. Paul Dinnage. London: New English Library, 1972.
  57. Garçon, Maurice, et al. L’Affaire Sade: Compte-rendu exact du procès intenté par le Ministère Public, aux Editions Jean-Jacques Pauvert. Contient notamment des témoignages de Georges Bataille, André Breton, Jean Cocteau, Jean Paulhan, et le texte intégral de la plaidoirie prononcée par Maître Maurice Garçon. Paris: Jean-Jacques Pauvert, 1963.
  58. Gorer, Geoffrey. The Life and Ideas of the Marquis de Sade. 1934. London: Panther, 1965.
  59. Lély, Gilbert. The Marquis de Sade: A Biography. 1952 & 1957. Trans. Alec Brown. London: Elek Books, 1961.


    60. Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre (1737-1814)

  60. Paul et Virginie: Édition illustrée. 1787. Ed. Pierre Trahard. Classiques Garnier. Paris: Éditions Garnier Frères, 1958.


    61. François-Marie Arouet [Voltaire] (1694-1778)

  61. Lettres sur les Anglais. 1731. Ed. Arthur Wilson-Green. 1931. Pitt Press series. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1952.
  62. Dictionnaire philosophique: Comprenant les 118 articles parus sous ce titre du vivant de Voltaire avec leurs suppléments parus dan les Questions sur l’Encyclopédie: Édition illustrée. Ed. Raymond Naves & Julien Benda. Préface par Étiemble. 1967. Classiques Garnier. Paris: Éditions Garnier Frères, 1969.
  63. The Age of Louis XIV. 1751. Trans. Martyn P. Pollack. 1926. Preface by F. C. Green. 1961. Everyman’s Library, 780. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1962.
  64. Romans, suivis de ses Contes en vers: Nouvelle édition, revue avec soin sur les meilleurs textes. Classiques Garnier. Paris: Éditions Garnier Frères, n.d.
  65. Romans et contes: Édition illustrée. Texte établi sur l’édition de 1775. Ed. Henri Bénac. 1960. Classiques Garnier. Paris: Éditions Garnier Frères, 1962.


  1. J. W. von Goethe (1749-1832)
  2. Friedrich von Schiller (1759-1805)


    Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832)

  1. Werke. Ed. Paul Stapf. 4 vols. Berlin & Darmstadt: Deutsche Buch-Gemeinschaft, 1956.
    1. Gedichte / Reflexionen: Gedichte; Epen; West-Östlicher Divan; Maximen und Reflexionen
    2. Dramen: Frühe Dramen; Satiren; Die klassischen Dramen; Festspiele; Faust
    3. Erzählende Dichtung: Werther; Wahlverwandtschaften; Unterhaltungen deutscher Ausgewanderten Novelle; Wilhelm Meisters Lehr- und Wanderjahre
    4. Vermischte Schriften: Dichtung und Wahrheit; Biographische Einzelheiten; Schriften zur Literature, Kunst und Naturwissenschaft
  2. The Permanent Goethe. Ed. Thomas Mann. New York: The Dial Press, 1948.
  3. Great Writings of Goethe. Ed. Stephen Spender. A Mentor Book. New York: New American Library, 1958.
  4. Selected Works: The Sorrows of Young Werther; Elective Affinities; Italian Journey; Faust; Novella; Selected Poems and Letters. Trans. W. H. Auden, Louise Bogan, David Constantie, Barker Fairley, Michael Hamburger, M. von Herzfeld, Elizabeth Mayer, Christopher Middleton, C. Melville Sym et al. Everyman's Library, 246. 1999. A Borzoi Book. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.
  5. Selected Verse, with Plain Prose Translations of Each Poem. Ed. David Luke. The Penguin Poets. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1964.
  6. Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship & Travels. 1824. Trans. Thomas Carlyle. 1826. London: Chapman & Hall, n.d.
  7. Wilhelm Meister: Wilhelm Meister’s Years of Apprenticeship Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre. 1795-1796. Trans. H. M. Waidson. 3 vols. London: John Calder (Publishers) Ltd. / Dallas: Riverrun Press Inc., 1977, 1978, 1979.
  8. Wilhelm Meister: Wilhelm Meister’s Years of Travel or The Renunciants Wilhelm Meisters Wanderjahre oder Die Entsagenden. 1829. Trans. H. M. Waidson. 3 vols. London: John Calder (Publishers) Ltd. / New York: Riverrun Press Inc., 1980, 1981, 1982.
  9. The Sufferings of Young Werther. 1774. Trans. Bayard Quincy Morgan. 1957. London: John Calder, 1976.
  10. Kindred by Choice. 1809. Trans. H. M. Waidson. London: John Calder, 1960.
  11. Elective Affinities. 1809. Trans. R. J. Hollingdale. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1971.
  12. Tales of Transformation. Trans. Scott Thompson. 1987. London: Peter Owen Publishers, 1989.
  13. Arden, John. Ironhand: Adapted from Goethe’s Goetz von Berlichingen. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd., 1965.
  14. Faust. Ed. Erich Trunz. Hamburg: Christian Wegner Verlag, 1949.
  15. Faust, First Part / Faust, Erster Teil. A Bantam Dual-Language Book. Ed. Peter Salm. New York: Bantam Books, 1962.
  16. Faust: Eine Tragödie. Band II. Basel: Benno Schwabe & Co. Verlag, 1949.
  17. Faust, Part One. 1808. Trans. Philip Wayne. Penguin Classics. 1949. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1975.
  18. Faust, Part Two. 1832. Trans. Philip Wayne. Penguin Classics. 1959. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1973.
  19. Poetry and Truth: From My Own Life. Rev. Trans. Minna Steele Smith. 1908. Introduction by Karl Breul. 2 vols. Bohn’s Popular Library. London: G. Bell & Sons, Ltd., 1930.
  20. Conversations of Goethe with Eckermann. 1836 & 1848. Trans. John Oxenford. 1850. Ed. J. K. Moorhead. Introduction by Havelock Ellis. Everyman’s Library. London: J. M. Dent / New York: E. P. Dutton, 1930.
  21. Lewes, G. H. The Life and Works of Goethe, with Sketches of his Age and Contemporaries. 1855. Introduction by Havelock Ellis. 1908. Everyman’s Library. London: J. M. Dent / New York: E. P. Dutton, 1911.


    22. Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller (1759-1805)

  22. Werke. Ed. Paul Stapf. 2 vols. Berlin & Darmstadt: Deutsche Buch-Gemeinschaft, 1956.
    1. Dramen
    2. Gedichte; Erzählungen; Zur Philosophie und Geschichte; Übersetzungen; Beiarbeitungen
  23. Complete Works in Eight Volumes. New York: P. F. Collier & Son, 1902.
    1. Poems
    2. Early Dramas (1)
    3. Early Dramas (2)
    4. Historical Dramas (1)
    5. Historical Dramas (2)
    6. The History of the Thirty Years’ War in Germany
    7. The History of the Revolt of the Netherlands
    8. Aesthetical and Philosophical Essays
  24. Lytton, Edward, Lord. Schiller’s Poems and Ballads. Introduction by Henry Morley. Morley’s Universal Library. London: George Routledge & Sons, 1887.
  25. Carlyle, Thomas. The Life of Friedrich Schiller: Comprehending an Examination of His Works. 1825. With Supplement of 1872. London: Chapman & Hall, Ltd., n.d.


Francesco Casanova: Giacomo Casanova


  1. Vittorio Alfieri (1749-1803)
  2. Giacomo Casanova (1725-1798)
  3. Carlo Goldoni (1707-1793)


    Count Vittorio Alfieri (1749-1803)

  1. Vita Scritta da Esso. 1804. Ed. Luigi Galeazzo Tenconi. Biblioteca Universale Rizzoli, 1563-1566. Milano: Rizzoli Editore, 1960.


    2. Giacomo Girolamo Casanova de Seingalt (1725-1798)

  2. Icosameron, ou Histoire d’Edouard et d’Elisabeth qui passèrent quatre-vingt-un ans chez les Mégamicres, habitants aborigines du protocosme dans l’intérieur de notre globe. 1788. Paris: Éditions François Bourin, 1988.
  3. Mémoires de Jacques Casanova de Seingalt, Écrits par lui-même suivis de Fragments des Mémoires du Prince de Ligne. 1826-38. Nouvelle édition collationnée sur l’édition originale de Leipsick. 8 vols. Paris: Garnier Frères, n.d. [c.1879].
  4. The Memoirs of Giacomo Casanova di Seingalt, Translated into English by Arthur Machen. Privately Printed for Subscribers Only. 1894. Limited Edition of 1,000 numbered sets. 12 Volumes. [+ The Twelfth Volume of the Memoirs of Giacomo Casanova; Containing Chapters VII. and VIII. Never Before Printed; Discovered and Translated by Mr. Arthur Symons; and Complete with an Index and Maps by Mr. Thomas Wright]. London: The Casanova Society, 1922[-1923].
  5. Symons, Arthur, ed. The Memoirs of Jacques Casanova de Seingalt. The Rare Unabridged London Edition of 1894 translated by Arthur Machen to Which has been Added the Chapters Discovered by Arthur Symons a Supplement and Bibliography: The Memoirs of Jacques Casanova, Written by Himself now for the First Time Completely Translated into English by Arthur Machen. Volume 1 of 6. London: Privately Printed for Subscribers Only, n.d.
  6. Machen, Arthur. Casanova's Escape from the Leads: Being His Own Account as Translated with an Introduction. London: Casanova Society, 1925.
  7. My Life and Adventures. Trans. Arthur Machen. 1894. London: Joiner & Steele, 1932.
  8. Blossom, Frederick A., ed. The Memoirs of Jacques Casanova de Seingalt. Trans. Arthur Machen. 1894. Introduction by Arthur Symons. 1924. Illustrated by Rockwell Kent. Complete in Two Volumes. New York: Albert & Charles Boni, Inc., 1932.
  9. Histoire de ma vie: suivie de texts inédits. 1960-62. Ed. Francis Lacassin. Bouquins. Ed. Guy Schoeller. 1993. 3 Vols. Paris: Robert Laffont, 2002.
  10. History of My Life: First Translated into English in Accordance with the Original French Manuscript. 1960. Trans. Willard R. Trask. 12 vols. 1967. London: Longmans, Green & Co., 1967-1972.
    1. Vols 1 & 2 (1967)
    2. Vols 3 & 4 (1968)
    3. Vols 5 & 6 (1968)
    4. Vols 7 & 8 (1970)
    5. Vols 9 & 10 (1971)
    6. Vols 11 & 12 (1972)
  11. The Story of My Life. 1962. Trans. Stephen Sartarelli & Sophie Hawkes. Ed. Gilberto Pizzamiglio. 2000. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 2001.
  12. The Many Loves of Casanova: Uncensored Personal Memoirs. Illustrated by Monte Rogers. 1961. Vol. 2 of 2. An Original Holloway House Illustrated Paperback. Los Angeles, CA: Holloway House Publishing Company, 1965.


    13. Carlo Osvaldo Goldoni (1707-1793)

  13. Four Comedies: The Venetian Twins; The Artful Widow; Mirandolina; The Superior Residence. Trans. Frederick Davies. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1968.
  14. Three Comedies: Mine Hostess / La Locandiera; The Boors / I Rusteghi; The Fan / Il Ventaglio. Trans. Clifford Bax, I. M. Rawson & Eleanor and Herbert Farjeon. Introduction by Gabriele Baldini. The Oxford Library of Italian Classics. Ed. Archibald Colquhoun. London: Oxford University Press, 1961.


Joseph Duplessis: Benjamin Franklin (1778)


  1. St. John de Crèvecœur (1735-1813)
  2. Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758)
  3. Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)
  4. Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826)
  5. Thomas Paine (1737-1809)


    Michel Guillaume Jean [John Hector St. John] de Crèvecœur (1735-1813)

  1. Letters from an American Farmer and Sketches of Eighteenth-Century America. 1782, 1925. Ed. Albert E. Stone. The Penguin American Library. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1981.


    2. Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758)

  2. Basic Writings. Ed. Ola Elizabeth Winslow. A Signet Classic. New York: The New American Library, Inc., 1966.


    3. Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)

  3. Van Doren, Carl, ed. Benjamin Franklin’s Autobiographical Writings. 1945. New York: The Viking Press / London: The Cresset Press, Ltd., 1952.
  4. Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Benjamin Franklin. Introduction by W. MacDonald. 1905. Everyman’s Library. 1908. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., 1910.


    5. Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826)

  5. The Complete Jefferson: Containing His Major Writings, Published and Unpublished, Except His Letters. Ed. Saul K. Padover. New York: Duell, Sloane & Pearce, Inc., 1943.
  6. Writings. Ed. Merrill D. Peterson. The Library of America, 17. New York: Literary Classics of the United States, Inc., 1984.


    7. Thomas [Tom] Paine (1737-1809)

  7. Common Sense. 1776. Ed. Isaac Kramnick. The Pelican Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1976.
  8. Rights of Man. 1791-1792. Ed. Henry Collins. The Pelican Classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1971.
  9. The Age of Reason. 1794. Introduction by Chapman Cohen. London: The Pioneer Press, n.d.


Johann Baptist von Lampi the Elder: Kaiserin Katharina II. v. Russland (1780s)


  1. Catherine the Great (1729-1796)


    Catherine II [Catherine the Great] (née Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst) (1729-1796)

  1. Maroger, Dominique, ed. The Memoirs of Catherine the Great. Trans. Moura Budberg. Introduction by G. P. Gooch. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1955.
  2. Oldenbourg, Zoë. Catherine the Great. 1966. Trans. Anne Carter. Preface by Arthur Calder-Marshall. Women Who Made History. Geneva: Heron Books, 1968.


Carl Frederik von Breda: Emanuel Swedenborg


  1. Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778)
  2. Emanuel Swedenborg (1688-1772)


    Carl Linnaeus [Carl von Linné] (1707-1778)

  1. Travels. 1737. Trans. Marie Åsborg & William T. Stearn. 1973. Ed. David Black. Illustrated by Stephen Lee. 1996. Nature Classics. London: Paul Elek Limited, 1979.
  2. Blunt, Wilfrid, with William T. Stearn. The Compleat Naturalist: A Life of Linnaeus. 1971. London: William Collins Sons & Company Limited, 1984.


    3. Emanuel Swedberg [Swedenborg] (1688-1772)

  3. Warren, Samuel M., ed. A Compendium of the Theological Writings of Emanuel Swedenborg. London: the Swedenborg Society, 1901.


  1. Fiction
  2. History
  3. Poetry


    Fiction:

  1. Bleiler, E. F., ed. Three Gothic Novels: The Castle of Otranto, by Horace Walpole; Vathek, by William Beckford; The Vampyre, by John Polidori; and a Fragment of a Novel by Lord Byron. 1764, 1786, & 1819. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1966.
  2. Fairclough, Peter, ed. Three Gothic Novels: The Castle of Otranto, by Horace Walpole; Vathek, by William Beckford; Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley. 1764, 1786, & 1818. Introduction by Mario Praz. 1968. Penguin English Library. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1970.
  3. Field, Ophelia. The Kit-Kat Club. 2008. Harper Perennial. London: HarperCollins Publishers, 2009.
  4. Kerby-Miller, Charles, ed. The Memoirs of the Extraordinary Life, Works, and Discoveries of Martinus Scriblerus. Written in Collaboration by the Members of the Scriblerus Club: John Arbuthnot, Alexander Pope, Jonathan Swift, John Gay, Thomas Parnell & Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford. 1950. New York: Russell & Russell, 1966.
  5. McBurney, W. H., ed. Four Before Richardson: Selected English Novels, 1720-1727. Luck at Last, or the Happy Unfortunate, by Arthur Blackamore; The Jamaica Lady, or the Life of Bavia, by W. P; Philidore and Placentia, or L’Amour trop Delicat, by Eliza Haywood; The Accomplished Rake, or Modern Fine Gentleman, by Mary Davys. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1963.
  6. Watt, Ian. The Rise of the Novel: Studies in Defoe, Richardson and Fielding. 1957. Peregrine Books. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1966.

    7. History:

  7. Churchill, Winston S. Marlborough: His Life and Times. 2 vols. 1947. London: George G. Harrap & Co. Ltd., 1966 & 1969.
    1. Book One: Consisting of Volumes I and II of the Original Work (1933 & 1934)
    2. Book Two: Consisting of Volumes III and IV of the Original Work (1936 & 1938)
  8. Hibbert, Christopher. The French Revolution. 1980. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1982.
  9. Hibbert, Christopher. Redcoats and Rebels: The War for America, 1770-1781. Grafton Books. London: The Collins Publishing Group, 1990.
  10. Johnstone, the Chevalier de. A Memoir of the ’Forty-Five. 1820. Ed. Brian Rawson. London: Folio Society, 1958.
  11. The Newgate Calendar, ed. Lord Birkett:
    1. The Newgate Calendar. With Contemporary Engravings. 1951. London: The Folio Society, 1993.
    2. The New Newgate Calendar. 1960. London: The Folio Society, 1993.
  12. Quennell, Peter. Four Portraits: Studies of the Eighteenth Century. 1945. London: The Reprint Society, 1947.
  13. Schama, Simon. Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution. 1989. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 2004.
  14. Selby, John. Over the Sea to Skye: The Forty-Five. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1973.
  15. Spence, Joseph. Anecdotes, Observations and Characters of Books and Men: A Selection. Ed. John Underwood. The Camelot Series, ed. Ernest Rhys. London: Walter Scott, n.d. [c.1888].
  16. Stephen, Leslie. Hours in a Library. 1874, 1876, 1879 & 1892. 3 vols. Introduction by Jonathan Steinberg. London: The Folio Society, 1991.
  17. Trevelyan, G. M. England Under Queen Anne. 3 vols. 1930-1934. The Fontana Library. London: Collins, 1965.
    1. Blenheim (1930)
    2. Ramillies and the Union with Scotland (1932)
    3. The Peace and the Protestant Succession (1934)

    18. Poetry:

  18. Gilfillan, Rev. George, ed. The Poetical Works of Johnson, Parnell, Gray & Smollett. Edinburgh: James Nichol, 1855.
  19. Lonsdale, Roger, ed. The Poems of Thomas Gray, William Collins, Oliver Goldsmith. 1969. Longman Annotated English Poets. London: Longman Group Limited, 1980.
  20. Nichol Smith, David, ed. The Oxford Book of Eighteenth Century Verse. 1926. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1963.
  21. Percy, Thomas. Reliques of Ancient English Poetry. 1765. Ed. Ernest Rhys. 2 vols. Everyman’s Library. London: J. M. Dent & Sons, Ltd. / New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., n.d.
  22. Percy, Thomas. Reliques of Ancient English Poetry: Consisting of Old Heroic Ballads, Songs, and Other Pieces of Earlier Poets, together with some few of later date. 1765. Ed. Henry B. Wheatley. 1886. 3 vols. New York: Dover, 1966.
  23. Poole, Austin Lane, ed. Gray and Collins: Poetical Works. 1919. Rev. ed. Leonard Whibley & Frederick Page. 1937. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1974.


Michael Winterbottom, dir.: Tristram Shandy (2006)



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